True independence: Imperative of universal design and assistive technology for an inclusive society

Arman Ali is Executive Director, National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People (NCPEDP) As India stands on the cusp of its 77th Independence Day, the notion of freedom warrants a deeper exploration. True independence transcends political autonomy - it embodies a society where every citizen, regardless of their abilities, enjoys equal access to opportunities and resources. Universal design: The foundation of inclusive freedom Universal design is more than just a design philosophy; it is a blueprint for an inclusive society. This approach ensures that environments, products, and services are usable by everyone, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation. In India, a country known for its diversity, universal design is essential in accommodating the varied needs of its population, particularly those with disabilities. Universal design means that products, buildings, and spaces are created to be usable by everyone, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation. The significance of universal design extends beyond physical accessibility - it is about creating an environment where people with disabilities can participate fully in every aspect of life, from education and employment to social and civic activities. This approach is not just a matter of social justice; it is a strategic investment in the nation's future. Implementing universal design is not just a matter of social responsibility; it also brings significant economic benefits. An accessible environment enables people with disabilities to contribute more fully to the economy, whether as employees, entrepreneurs, or consumers. This, in turn, can lead to increased productivity and innovation, as diverse perspectives often drive creative solutions. Moreover, an inclusive society is a more cohesive and resilient one. When everyone has the opportunity to participate fully, it reduces social inequalities and fosters a sense of community. This is particularly important in a country like India, where social cohesion is vital for national unity and progress. The transformative role of assistive technology Assistive technology (AT) and information technology (IT) are critical components in realizing the vision of universal design. These technologies are not just tools - they are enablers that bridge the gap between disability and full participation in society. Global institutions like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations have emphasized the transformative potential of AT and IT in improving the lives of people with disabilities. For instance, technologies like speech-to-text software, communication boards, and hearing aids enhance communication capabilities, while IT solutions like video conferencing and instant messaging increase connectivity and access. Furthermore, physical accessibility is ensured through devices like ramps, elevators, and mobility aids. Together, AT and IT reduce barriers, making it easier for people with disabilities to access services, engage in education, and participate in the workforce. Economic and social benefits of investing in assistive technology Investing in assistive technology is not just a moral imperative; it is also an economic necessity. Greater access to AT can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with disabilities, leading to increased productivity, reduced healthcare costs, and enhanced educational and employment opportunities. According to a WHO report, one in three people globally will require assistive products by 2050, yet only 5-15% currently have access due to high costs and lack of availability. India's assistive device market, valued at $613.65 million in 2023, is expected to reach $904.60 million by 2030, with a CAGR of 5.5%. This presents a significant opportunity for economic growth, particularly if the country can position itself as a global leader in the assistive technology market. The Indian government's focus on establishing the country as a manufacturing giant under its "Make in India" initiative aligns perfectly with this goal. By becoming a hub for assistive technology, India can not only meet domestic needs but also tap into the global market, which was valued at $21.8 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach $28.8 billion by 2028. A call for strategic investment For India to truly embrace the ideals of independence and equality, it must focus on investments in AT and IT. This includes increased budget allocations for research and development, as well as policies that promote the widespread adoption of these technologies. The establishment of initiatives like the Assistive Technology Hub, spearheaded by the Software Technology Park of India and the NCPEDP, is a step in the right direction. This hub aims to make India a global center of excellence for assistive technology, driving innovation and entrepreneurship in this critical sector. Moreover, ensuring accessibility is not just about providing devices; it's about creating an ecosystem that supports the effective use of these technologies. This involves training personnel, raising awareness, and ensuring that assistive products are affordable and accessible to those who need them. Public sector companies, for instance, are required to reserve four percent of all jobs for disabled people under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. However, many companies fall short of this target due to challenges such as low literacy levels, lack of access to skills and technology, and societal prejudice. Enhancing access to assistive technology can address these challenges, improving employment opportunities for disabled individuals and contributing to their economic empowerment. Conclusion: Towards a truly inclusive independence As we celebrate India's 77th year of independence, it is imperative to recognize that true freedom can only be achieved when every citizen has equal access to opportunities, resources, and the chance to live a fulfilling life. Universal design and assistive technology are not just about accommodating disabilities; they are about empowering individuals to contribute to society and realize their full potential. The NCPEDP-Mphasis Universal Design Awards, now into its 15th year, highlight the critical role that accessibility plays in building an inclusive society. They serve as a reminder that the journey towards independence is ongoing, and that it is our collective responsibility to ensure that no one is left behind. By investing in assistive technology and embracing the principles of universal design, India can lead the way in creating a society that is not only free but also truly inclusive.